Namaz Ka Tarika
- Pattern for Four Rakat (Farz) offered alone: After reciting Attahiyyat in the second Rakat, saying Allahu Akbar, stand, up in Qiyam for the Third Rakat. Recite only the Sura-i-Fateha, perform the ruku, two sajdahs and immediately stand up saying Allahu Akbar, for the Fourth Rakat. "Recite only the Sura-i-Fateha, perform the ruku, two sajdahs and complete the Namaz as in the second Rakat of Two-Rakat Namaz.
- Pattern for Three Rakat (Farz) offered alone: Maghrib Farz: After reciting "Attahiyyat in the , second Rakat, saying Allahu Akbar stand up in Qiyam and for the Third Rakat recite only Sura-i-Fateha, perform the ruku and sajdahs and complete the Namaz as in second Rakat of Two-Rakat Namaz.
- Pattern for Four Rakat (Sunnath) offered Alone: Similar to Four Rakat Farz offered alone except that even in the third and fourth Rakats after reciting the Sura-i-Fateha in Qiyam, a portion of the Holy Quran is recited as in the first and second Rakats.
- Pattern for Three Rakat (Witr) offered alone: Similar to Three Rakat Farz offered alone except that even in the Third Rakats after reciting the Sura-i-Fateha in Qiyam, a portion of the Holy Quran is recited as in the first and second Rakats. However, Witr should be offered in 2+1 pattern, instead of 3 Rakats directly.
- Salaat in congregation(Jammath) is worth 27 times more than praying on your own. Fard (Compulsory) Salah should preferably be offered in the mosque in congregation. All other Salah can be offered privately at home.
- Tasmiah(Bismillah hir-Rahma nir-Raheem) should be recited in every Rakath before starting a Surah Fatiha and all other subsequent Surahs. *However, one does not recite the Tasmiah before non-Qur’anic supplications of the prayer, such as the final testification like Tashahhud or Darood, sending blessings upon the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. etc.
- Prostration of forgetfulness: If you missed something important and you remember before completing the prayer, you should prostrate(Sajdah) twice, and then say the salaam.
- If an Imam makes a mistake in Salah then the men behind the Imam should say 'Subhan Allah' to make the Imam aware of the mistake.
⇢Firstly: If the imam was sure that he was right, and he did not pay any attention to the alert from the people praying behind him, and he completed his prayer and had prayed five rak’ahs, then his prayer is valid and he does not have to do anything else. Then if he finds out after the salaam what had happened, he should prostrate twice (the prostration of forgetfulness) then say the salaam.
⇢Secondly: If the person who is praying behind an imam realizes that his imam has stood up for an extra rak’ah, he has to alert him to that. If he does not respond, it is not permissible for him to follow him, rather he should stop doing so and sit and recite the final tashahhud and say the salaam. If he follows him knowing that this is the fifth rak’ah, then his prayer is invalid. But if he follows him not knowing about that or forgetting, then his prayer is valid.
⇢Folding your hands (Right over left hand) in Qiyam position is Sunnah.
⇢Reciting sana (opening supplication) is a Sunnah and supererogatory.
⇢Raising your finger in Tashahhud is Sunnah. Some people raise their finger and keep it raised, while others move it in circles, and others still raise it for a couple of seconds and lower it after that. All these are acceptable forms.
⇢Secondly: If the person who is praying behind an imam realizes that his imam has stood up for an extra rak’ah, he has to alert him to that. If he does not respond, it is not permissible for him to follow him, rather he should stop doing so and sit and recite the final tashahhud and say the salaam. If he follows him knowing that this is the fifth rak’ah, then his prayer is invalid. But if he follows him not knowing about that or forgetting, then his prayer is valid.
- What is Sunnah, not Obligatory during Salah as it does not affect the validity of the prayer. (Hence, no Prostration of forgetfulness required)
⇢Folding your hands (Right over left hand) in Qiyam position is Sunnah.
⇢Reciting sana (opening supplication) is a Sunnah and supererogatory.
⇢Raising your finger in Tashahhud is Sunnah. Some people raise their finger and keep it raised, while others move it in circles, and others still raise it for a couple of seconds and lower it after that. All these are acceptable forms.
- "Jumu'ah" prayer is "Fard-e-'Aien" (strict obligation) and it is more "Moakkad" (emphasised) than "Zuhr" prayer. A Hadees in this connection says: Allah Almighty sets a seal on the heart of he who omits prayer of three consecutive Jumu'ahs due to lethargy. Another tradition says: He is "Munaafiq" and has no concern with Allah. Since it is proved by undeniable and unquestionable arguments that Jumu'ah prayer is obligatory, therefore, its denier is infidel. However, "Jumu'ah" prayer cannot be offered alone, Instead one has to pray regular Zohar, only under special circumstances.
- Istighfaar: One must recite "Istighfaar" i.e. "Astaghfirullah" after every prayer three times. People often forget the importance of the simple yet powerful dua (supplication) – Istighfar i.e., saying “Astaghfirullah” (I seek forgiveness of Allah). Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam) recited this at least 100 times a day. Istighfar (Astaghfirullah) is the gateway of relief and happiness. Whenever you are in distress start reciting it and Insha Allah it will take you out of your anxiety and will put you in a peaceful situation and will give you happiness. If anyone constantly seeks pardon (from Allah), Allah will appoint for him a way out of every distress and a relief from every anxiety, and will provide sustenance for him from where he expects not.
- Forbidden times of prayer: There are three times in the day when one is forbidden to offer any prayers, even make up prayers which are actually considered invalid if offered at these times. However, in these times, One is permitted to offer prostrations for Qur’anic recital.
These times are:
⇢When the sun rises up until it is above the horizon by the length of a spear (about twenty minutes after sun rise),
⇢When the sun is at its zenith (the time at which something is most powerful or successful) and
⇢When the sun turns dull in radiance such that one can look at it until it sets (about twenty minutes to half an hour before sun set).
- Things (acts) that render Wudu void:(1)To pass stool or urine or emission of any thing from the private parts of man and woman. (2) To break wind (3) Emission (that also flows) of blood or pus from any part of the body (4) Mouthful vomit. However, emission of phlegm does not affect Wudu (5) to sleep lying prone or on back, side-ways, leaning against pillow or any thing or in sitting position provided that the buttock are not firmly placed on the ground. However, drowse does not affect Wudu (6) To faint or fall unconscious due to sickness or any other cause (7) to go mad or lose senses (8) to laugh aloud (laughter).
- One should perform Ta-yammum (dry ablution) who owes Wudu or Ghusl but can not attain to the water despite striving hard. There are three obligatory acts (Fard) in Ta-yammum: (1). Intention: If one strikes his hands on the pure earth and rub them on the face and hands without making "Niyah"(intention) his Ta-yammum will not be in order. (2). Passing the hands over the whole face in such a way that no spot remains untouched. (3). Doing "Masah" of both the hands upto elbows. No spot should remain untouched otherwise Ta-yammum will not be valid.
- For more details & information please refer to "Hadith".
Islam has two primary sources. First is the Qurʾān which is the direct word of God inspired to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. The second source is the Prophet’s teachings. These teachings include his words, actions, and things he approved of. The Prophet’s teachings are called Sunna. The Sunna is found in texts called ḥadīth. A ḥadīth is a statement of the Prophet peace be upon him which was narrated by his companions and subsequently narrated to the next generation until these sayings were compiled in ḥadīth collections.
The Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, was sent as the final messenger to mankind. With his death, the message of Islam was completed. Always use suffix like below when you take Prophets name.
Prophet Muhammad (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam)
The Messenger of Allah (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam)
Rasulullah (SallAllahu Alayhi Wa Sallam)
Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him -PBUH)
If you have more doubts please visit the below link: http://www.islamicacademy.org/html/Books/GLIS/Contents.htm
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